Muri iki gihe isoko ryibyuma birimo gukira buhoro ariko bihamye. Biteganijwe ko icyifuzo cy’ibyuma ku isi kizongera kwiyongera mu mwaka utaha, nubwo inyungu nyinshi n’izindi ngaruka mpuzamahanga - kimwe n’imyigaragambyo y’abakozi bo muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika i Detroit, muri Leta ya Mich.
Inganda zibyuma ninkingi yingenzi yo gupima ubukungu bwisi. Ihungabana ry’Amerika muri iki gihe, igipimo cy’ifaranga ryinshi, hamwe n’ibibazo bitangwa, haba mu gihugu ndetse no ku isi hose, ni ibintu by'ingenzi bibera ku isoko ry’ibyuma, nubwo bitagaragara ko byiteguye guhungabanya iterambere ryiyongera ry’ibihugu byinshi bikenerwa n’ibyuma ndetse n’ubwiyongere bw’ubukungu bwabayeho mu 2023.
Raporo ya Short Range Outlook (SRO) iheruka ivuga ko nyuma yo kongera kwiyongera kwa 2,3% mu 2023, Ishyirahamwe ry’ibyuma ku isi (worldsteel) rivuga ko izamuka rya 1.7% ry’icyuma gikenerwa ku isi mu 2024. Mu gihe hateganijwe kwihuta mu Bushinwa, inganda zikomeye z’ibyuma ku isi, benshi ku isi biteze ko ibyuma byiyongera. Byongeye kandi, Ihuriro Mpuzamahanga ry’Icyuma (Worldstainless) imishinga yo gukoresha isi yose ibyuma bitagira umwanda biziyongera 3,6% muri 2024.
Muri Amerika, aho ubukungu bwifashe nabi nyuma y’icyorezo bwakomeje inzira, ibikorwa by’inganda byagabanutse, ariko iterambere rigomba gukomeza mu nzego nk’ibikorwa remezo rusange n’umusaruro w’ingufu. Nyuma yo kugabanukaho 2,6% muri 2022, gukoresha ibyuma muri Amerika byagabanutseho 1,3% muri 2023 kandi biteganijwe ko bizongera kwiyongera 2,5% kugeza 2024.
Nyamara, impinduka imwe itunguranye ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda z’ibyuma mu gihe gisigaye cy’uyu mwaka ndetse no mu 2024 ni amakimbirane akomeje gukorwa hagati y’abakozi ba United Auto Workers (UAW) n’abakora amamodoka “Big Three” - Ford, General Motors, na Stellantis.
Igihe kinini imyigaragambyo, imodoka nkeya zakozwe, bigatuma ibyuma bidakenera ibyuma. Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika gishinzwe ibyuma n’ibyuma kivuga ko ibyuma bingana n’ibice birenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibinyabiziga bigereranijwe, kandi hafi 15% by’ibicuruzwa byo muri Amerika byoherezwa mu mahanga bijya mu nganda z’imodoka. Kugabanuka kw'ibikenerwa ku byuma bishyushye kandi bizengurutswe hamwe no kugabanuka kw'ibikoresho bikoresha ibinyabiziga bishobora guteza ibiciro ku isoko.
Kubera ubwinshi bwibyuma bisakara mubisanzwe biva mubikorwa byimodoka, kugabanuka kwumusaruro nicyifuzo cyibyuma kubera imyigaragambyo bishobora gutera izamuka rikabije ryibiciro byibyuma. Hagati aho, toni ibihumbi n'ibicuruzwa bidakoreshwa bisigaye ku isoko bituma igabanuka ry'ibiciro by'ibyuma. Raporo iheruka gutangwa na EUROMETAL, ibiciro by'ibyuma bishyushye kandi bishyushye byatangiye kugabanuka mu byumweru byabanjirije imyigaragambyo ya UAW kandi bigera ku ntera yo hasi kuva mu ntangiriro za Mutarama 2023.
SRO ya Worldsteel ivuga ko kugurisha imodoka n’imodoka byoroheje muri Amerika byagarutsweho 8% mu 2023 kandi biteganijwe ko byiyongera ku gipimo cya 7% mu 2024. Icyakora, ntibisobanutse neza uburyo iyi myigaragambyo ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku kugurisha, ku bicuruzwa, ndetse n’icyifuzo cy’icyuma.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-12-2023
