Itsindaikizingo cy'umuhandani kimwe mu bice byuzuyemo ibintu byinshi mu imashini icukura cyangwa imashini itwara abagenzi.

Bitandukanye n'ibindi bice byinshi byo munsi y'imodoka, imashini zitwara imizigo zitwara igice kinini cy'uburemere bw'imashini mu gihe zikomeza kuzenguruka ku mugozi w'inzira.

Shyiramo ibyondo, amazi, umucanga, amabuye n'ubutaka butaringaniye kuri icyo gipimo, maze imiterere y'akazi irushaho kuba isaba imbaraga nyinshi.

Iyi ni yo mpamvu kwangirika kw'imizingo y'imbere y'imashini bidakunze guterwa n'ikintu kimwe gusa. Guhitamo ibikoresho, gutunganya ubushyuhe, imbaraga z'imiterere n'imiterere y'imbere mu gitereko byose bigira ingaruka ku gihe umuzingo ushobora gukora mu murima.

1. Umubiri w'umuzingo wa 42CrMo ukozwe mu buryo buhambaye

Ku mubiri w'umuzingo, dukoreshaIcyuma cy'ubukorikori cya 42CrMoaho kuba ibikoresho bisanzwe bikozwe mu cyuma.

Umubiri w'ikizingo ubanza gukosorwa no gushyushwa kugira ngo wongere ubukomere bwawo muri rusange, hamwe n'ubukomere bukomeza hejuru.HRC 32.

Hanyuma ubuso bw'aho bakorera bukomera kugira ngoHRC 52–60, ifite urwego rukomeye rwa hafimm 6–12.

Uru rwego rukomeye cyane ni ingenzi cyane ku mashini zikora imirimo iremereye.

Umuzingo wo ku muhanda ntushira gusaza ku buso bwawo. Gukomeza kuzenguruka ku buso bwawo, hamwe n'amabuye akomeye n'uduce duto two gushwanyagurika, bishobora gusaza buhoro buhoro ku buso bw'akazi.

Urukuta rukomeye rugenzurwa neza rufasha ikizingo kugumana imbaraga zacyo zo kwangirika igihe kirekire kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika cyangwa gucikagurika ku buso imburagihe.

Ku mashini zicukura cyane, za bulldozer n'izindi mashini zikora ahantu hagoye, iri tandukaniro rishobora kuba rinini mu masaha maremare y'akazi.

2. Umugozi ukomeye wo gutwara imizigo iremereye n'umuvuduko usubirwamo

Umugozi uhura n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'umuvuduko.

Mu gihe cyo gukora, ikizingo cy'umuhanda gishobora kumva imbaraga zihagaze gusa ziturutse kuri mashini, ahubwo no kumva imbaraga zisubirwamo bitewe no guhindukira, kuzamuka imisozi no kugenda ahantu hatameze neza.

DukoreshaIcyuma cya 42CrMoku mwobo.

Nyuma yo kuzimya no gushyushya, ubukana bw'imbere buguma hejuruHRC 28, mu gihe ubuso bw'aho bakorera bukomera kugira ngoHRC 52–60.

Urukuta rukomeye rugenzurwa hafimm 3–5.

Ubu buryo bwo guhuza ibintu bugamije guhuza ibisabwa bibiri:

Ubudahangarwa bw'ubuso + Ubukomere bw'imbere

Ubuso bukomeye bufasha kugabanya kwangirika hagati y'umugozi n'icyuma gifata, mu gihe igice gikomeye gitanga ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwizunguruka no gukubita.

Ku bijyanye n'imirimo ikomeye, iyi gahunda ni ingenzi. Umugozi ukomeye cyane ariko udafite imbaraga ushobora kwangirika bitewe n'ingaruka, mu gihe ubukana budahagije bwo hejuru bushobora kwihutisha kwangirika.

3. Ibipfukisho n'intebe byakozwe mu buryo bw'ubucuzi kugira ngo birusheho gukomera mu nyubako

Igice cy'umuzingo si cyo cyonyine gifite akamaro.

Itsindaintebe zo ku mpera n'iz'imirongobikorwa muriicyuma cy'ubukorikori cya 45#kandi bagahabwa uburyo bwo kuzimya no gushyushya.

Ugereranyije n'ibice bisanzwe by'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, imiterere yacyo itanga ubuziranenge bukomeye mu mikorere igoye.

Imashini zikora ku muhanda zihura n'amabuye, ubutaka budasa neza ndetse n'ibintu bitunguranye bigwa.

Inyubako ikomeye y'inyuma ifasha kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika cyangwa gucika muri ibi bihe.

Bifasha kandi kurinda sisitemu yo kwisiga imbere.

Iyo umugozi utangiye kwangirika cyangwa ugafunga nabi ku mpera y’inyubako, ibyondo n’amazi bishobora kwinjiramo. Iyo sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta yanduye, kwangirika kw’imigozi n’imigozi bishobora kwihuta cyane.

Bityo imbaraga z'inyubako n'uburinzi bwo gufunga bikorana.

4. Ibice by'ibyuma bikozwe mu buryo bwa Bimetal kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu buryo buhoraho

Sisitemu y'imbere y'ubwikorezi ni ikindi gice gikora ku buryo butaziguye ku bwizerwe bw'umuzingo w'inzira.

Imashini zacu zikora ku muhanda zikoreshaibihuru by'umuringa bifite urwego rw'umuringa rurenga mm 0.7 ku ruhande rumwe, hamwe naimpeta z'umuringa zikozwe mu buryo bwa "concrete".

Imiterere y'ubwikorezi bushingiye ku muringa itanga imiterere myiza yo kwihanganira imizigo no kugabanya ubwivumbure.

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku mashini zikora buri gihe mu gihe ziremereye cyane.

Intego ni ugukomeza guhuza neza hagati y'umugozi n'ubushuhe, mu gihe bigabanya kwangirika no gutanga ubushyuhe.

Iyo amavuta akoreshejwe neza kandi agakorerwa isuku, igishushanyo mbonera gifasha kugabanya ibyago byogufata umuyoboro no kunanirwa kw'imashinimu gihe cy'imikorere miremire.

Yubatswe hakurikijwe imiterere ituma imiyoboro y'inzira ihagarara

Umuzingo w'inzira ushobora kumera nk'igice cy'icyuma cyoroshye.

Mu by’ukuri, ikora mu buryo bunyuranye n’ibintu byinshi bigoye:

• Uburemere bw'imashini iremereye
• Gukomeza gukoraho ibintu bizenguruka
• Umucanga n'amabuye bivanze
• Umwanda w'ibyondo n'amazi
• Ingaruka zituruka ku butaka butaringaniye
• Guhindukira no kuzamuka imizigo
• Gusubiramo imbaraga n'ingufu

Niyo mpamvu tudafata gukora roller zo mu muhanda nk'ikibazo cyo gutuma roller ikomera gusa.

Igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kuringaniza:

Imbaraga z'ibikoresho → Ubushyuhe → Ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho → Ubukomezi bw'inyubako → Imikorere y'ubwikorezi

Kuva ku byuma by'ubukorikoriUmubiri n'agace k'umuzingo bya 42CrMoku buso bukonje bw'akazi, ibice by'inyuma by'icyuma n'uduti tw'icyuma dushingiye ku muringa, buri gice cyakozwe hakurikijwe imiterere nyayo y'imikorere y'agasanduku ko munsi y'imodoka.

Kubera ko iyo umugozi wo ku muhanda unaniwe gukora hakiri kare, ikiguzi ntikigarukira gusa ku gusimbuza umugozi umwe.

Kwangirika kw'inyongera kw'inzira, imashini zidakora neza no kubungabunga imodoka zo munsi y'imodoka mbere y'igihe bishobora gutuma ikiguzi nyacyo kiri hejuru cyane.

Imashini nziza yo gusimbuza imizigo si iyo ikomeye gusa, ahubwo ni iyo ishobora gukomeza kuba iy'ukuri mu gihe cy'imizigo, impanuka n'ibihe bikomeye mu gihe cy'akazi karambye.