| Ikintu | Gucura | Gutera |
| Inzira | Gucukura ni uburyo imashini icukura kugira ngo icyuma kibe kirimo ubusa butuma habaho impinduka mu buryo bwa pulasitiki, kugira ngo haboneke imiterere, imiterere n'ingano bya mashini. Gucukura bishobora gukuraho inenge z'icyuma mu buryo bwo gushongesha, kunoza imiterere ya microstructure, kugumana urujya n'uruza rw'icyuma rwose, bityo imiterere ya mashini icukura muri rusange ikaba myiza kuruta gucukura ibikoresho bimwe. Ibice byinshi by'ingenzi by'imashini bisaba umutwaro mwinshi kandi imikorere ikomeye ikora, bikoresha ibice bya mashini. | Gutera ni uburyo bwo gushyira icyuma cy'amazi mu mwobo w'icyuma, nyuma yo gukonjesha no gukomera kugira ngo ubone ibice bikenewe. |
| Ibikoresho | Ibikoresho byo gucukura bikoresha cyane icyuma kizengurutse, icyuma kare. Hari icyuma cya karuboni, icyuma cya alloy, icyuma kitagira umugese ndetse n'ibindi byuma bidakoresha feri bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zikora ibintu bigezweho no mu buryo bunoze. | Ubusanzwe gucukura hakoreshejwe icyuma cy'umukara, icyuma cyoroshye gucukura, icyuma gishobora gukoreshwa, n'icyuma gikozwe mu ibumba. Ibyuma bisanzwe bicukura bidakoresha feri: umuringa, umuringa w'ibati, umuringa w'umuringa w'ibumba, aloyi ya aluminiyumu n'ibindi. | Mu gihe kingana n'icyo, forging metal ifite imikorere myiza mu miterere ya mekanike, mu gihe gucura ari byiza mu gucura. |
| Imiterere | Uburyo icyuma gicukura gikoresha ogisijeni mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi butera utubuto duto twa kylin ku buso bw'amenyo y'indobo. Nanone kubera ko gucukura bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gucura, nyuma yo gukuraho umwanya wo gusimburanya mu ibumba, haba hari umurongo utandukanya amenyo y'indobo. | Hari uduce tw'umucanga n'udupira two gucukura mu jinyo ry'indobo zo gucukura. |
| Imitungo ya Mekanike | Uburyo bwo gucukura bushobora kwemeza ko fibre y'icyuma ikomeza gukora, kandi bugatuma icyuma gitembera neza, bugatanga imiterere myiza ya mekanike n'igihe kirekire cy'imikorere y'amenyo y'indobo, kandi uburyo bwo gucukura ntibugereranywa. | Ugereranije n'ibice byo gucukura, imiterere y'icyuma n'imiterere yacyo bishobora kunozwa nyuma yo gucukura. Imiterere yo gucukura nyuma yo gucukura ubushyuhe, kristale nini y'umwimerere n'ingano ya columnar bihinduka ibinyampeke byiza, hamwe n'imiterere ya isometric recystallization, bituma imiterere y'imiterere y'umwimerere yo gutandukanya ingot, osteoporosis, porosity slag inclusion n'ibindi binini birushaho kuba byiza, bityo bikanoza imiterere y'icyuma n'imiterere yacyo.
Gucukura ni ukugira imiterere ikenewe ukoresheje gukanda icyuma ukoresheje pulasitiki, akenshi ukoresheje inyundo cyangwa igitutu. Uburyo bwo gucukura butanga imiterere myiza y’ibice, kandi bunoza imiterere y’icyuma, mu buryo bufatika, igishushanyo gikwiye gishobora kwemeza ko ibinyampeke bigenda mu cyerekezo cy’imbaraga nyamukuru. Mu gihe gucukura ari ukugira ibintu bikora icyuma binyuze mu buryo bwose bwo gucukura, ni ukuvuga gushyira icyuma cy’amazi mu ibumba ryateguwe kugira ngo kibone imiterere runaka, ingano n’imiterere runaka, binyuze mu gushonga, gucukura, gutera cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo gucukura, no kuzunguruka nyuma yo gukonjesha, gusukura no gutunganya bwa nyuma. |
